Your car’s shocks and struts are responsible for keeping the vehicle’s body suspended above the wheels and comfortably off the ground while driving.
Without them, you’d bounce along the road, making for an uncomfortable and unsafe ride. Shocks and struts convert the up-and-down movement of the car into energy, which they absorb every time you hit a pothole or a bump in the road.
When they wear down, you lose control of the car’s stability, and the car takes longer to stop. “Shocks and struts are safety-related as much as they are comfort-related”.
What Are Shocks and Struts?
The shocks and struts are two distinct components of your car’s suspension system. They work together to keep your vehicle stable and balanced so it’s easier to control.
The two parts jump into action when you go over speed bumps and potholes, make sharp turns, and even drive in storms with strong winds.
Shocks
Shocks, also called shock absorbers, cushion much of the impact of bumps and uneven roads. Here’s how they work to keep your ride safe and comfortable:
- Take the brunt of the force after a vehicle hits something, like a bump or pothole in the road.
- Assist with stability after your car hits a pothole or speed bump, making the vehicle easier to control.
- Help keep the tires connected to the road, so even if you hit a deep crevice, the vehicle won’t swerve or tilt much afterward.
Struts
Your struts work differently than shock absorbers and other suspension system parts. In addition to helping absorb some of the bumps from potholes and rough roads, struts act as a structural piece in the following ways:
- Work to connect the suspension system.
- Help tires stay aligned.
- Keep the car stabilized and on the road after hitting a bump or pothole.
Your Suspension System: How it Works
You know your vehicle moves forward, backward, and around curves or turns. But consider this: your car also moves up and down, particularly when you’re driving on an uneven surface.
No road is perfect, and your suspension system’s job is to maximize the friction between your tires and the road to provide stability and handling. This controlled contact with the road leads to a smoother ride over bumps and dips.
Your suspension is also made to absorb and dissipate the energy from those changes in the road—like the sudden jolt of a pothole—to help you maintain control as you change the direction of the steering wheel, brake, or accelerate.
Two major parts of your suspension system that make all this work are your shocks and struts.
What are the differences between Shock and struts?
Shocks and struts are different components that are easily mistaken for each other. It is because they are both part of the suspension system. However, they both differ in functionality and components.
Although they both help in aiding the vehicle’s handling and ride, one major difference between them is that shock is the sole part of the suspension, while struts are a structural part of the suspension and chassis.
What is the function of a Shock?
The basic function of the shock absorber is to control the movement or bounce of the suspension system. It can achieve this by converting the kinetic movement created by the suspension into thermal energy or heat, which is then collected by the hydraulic fluid.
Many people have the wrong understanding of what shock does. One misunderstanding of shocks is that it supports the vehicle’s weight.
The shock works by creating resistance determined by the speed of the suspension and the tiny orifices in the piston. In addition, the faster the shock suspension moves, the more resistance the shock can create. It makes the shock a velocity-sensitive hydraulic damping component.
Furthermore, the absorber is responsible for reducing the extent of bounce in the suspension, brake dive, and acceleration squat.
Components of the shock
One of the ways to identify the difference between shock and strut is through its components. The shock components include the following.
Mount: The mount is the shock part connected to the vehicle’s body and the suspension. It contains the upper and lower mount of the same design used to hold the shock.
Bushing: The bushing is the part of the shock that absorbs vibrations. It comprises rubber or urethane parts and can be seen on the mounting.
Piston rod: The piston rod has openings that will ensure concentricity between the moving and stationary parts as the moving part slides up and down.
Cylinder: It is the actual body of the shock absorber and houses the compression oil and a piston that moves within the cylinder.
Coil spring: The coil spring only sometimes comes with a shock absorber, as it is majorly a part of the strut.
What is the function of Strut?
The strut is a suspension damper used in most modern independent suspension in front-wheel drive vehicles and can also be seen in some rear-wheel drive vehicles.
Struts have the responsibility of performing damping functions similar to the shock absorber. The strut makes use of a piston which is attached to the end of the piston rod.
It then uses the piston to work against the hydraulic fluid, creating control over the spring and suspension movement.
The difference between the shock and strut is in the strut’s second function. The strut provides structural support for the vehicle suspension. It supports the spring and also holds the tire at an aligned angle.
In addition, the strut also bears a large part of the load placed on the suspension by the vehicle’s body. It is one aspect the shock does not do; it does not support the vehicle’s weight.
Components of the strut
Strut housing: The strut housing provides a structure, support for the strut assembly, and the damping units, which control the spring movements.
Coil spring: The coil spring supports the vehicle’s weight and absorbs the vibration of the suspension system.
Bump Stop and Boot: The stop bump provides a cushioning effect in the suspension and absorbs shocks. It also protects the metal suspension from rubbing together.
Spring seat: The spring seat provides support for the spring assembly. The spring seat cushions the energy created from bumps and spring recoil.
What are the Symptoms of Bad Shock and Strut?
The shock and strut are different in many ways; however, they still have a lot of similarities in their function. One major similarity is their ability to absorb shocks and vibration, providing a cushion effect for the suspension.
Furthermore, their similarities often mean bad shock symptoms and bad strut symptoms are identical.Below are some of the symptoms of a bad shock and strut:
#1. Uneven tire wears.
Uneven tire wear is more of a symptom of bad strut mount, housing, or any other parts of the strut that affect the suspension’s structure.
Also, the shocks can cause the tire to wear unevenly because the shock provides a damping force to control the suspension movement. Once bad, the car will bounce a lot, causing accelerated wear in the tires.
In addition, when the strut is damaged, it affects the structure of the suspension. When this happens, it could affect the alignment of the wheels causing uneven tire wear.
#2. Unusual noises.
Once the strut or shocks are worn out, there will be obvious clunking sounds when driving. It could result from the metal parts of the suspension making contact due to damage to the struts or shocks.
#3. Vibration in the steering wheel.
You can expect a little vibration, especially when driving on rough roads. However, when the steering still vibrates while driving on a good, there could be a problem with the strut or shock.
Once the strut or shock is worn out, it cannot properly absorb the motion and vibration of the suspension. It will lead to a bouncy or vibrating wheel which will also affect the steering system.
You must understand that the steering system is connected to the wheels, and anything that affects the wheel movement will also affect the steering function.
#4. Nose dive when braking.
A major sign of driving with bad struts is that the vehicle will continually nose dive whenever the brake is applied while driving.
Due to worn-out or damaged parts, the strut can no longer hold the vehicle’s weight. The car swings more than usual, even on a smooth road.
#5. Bouncing when driving.
When driving with bad shocks or struts, you will experience a bouncy ride because there is nothing available to absorb the impacts of soft bumps on the road. When the tires hit a soft bump, they will continue to bounce as the vehicle is driven.
#6. Vehicle sways during cornering.
Once the strut and shocks get worn out, it becomes harder for the suspension to handle the vehicle’s weight. It then becomes harder for the amount of weight transferred to the ground to be controlled. It makes it easy for cars to be thrown off balance when cornering.
#7. Leaking fluid.
Leaking hydraulic fluid is an example of a bad front shock symptom and could be a sign of a bad front strut. The fluid will leak when the upper seals wear. It allows the fluid to escape through the space created by the top seal.
The seals will gradually become brittle using the strut and shock, making it more difficult to hold on to fluids.
What Causes Shocks and Struts To Go Bad
- Normal wear and tear over time
- Harsh driving conditions, such as frequent off-road driving or driving on rough terrain
- Fluid leaks from the shocks or struts
- Damage from road debris, such as potholes or speed bumps
- Overloading the vehicle beyond its weight capacity
- Improper installation or incorrect alignment
- Lack of regular maintenance and inspection
Is It Safe To Drive With Worn Shocks?
While it might be possible to drive with bad shocks for a while, it’s certainly not advisable. Worn shocks progressively deteriorate, posing risks like:
- Damage to Vehicle Components: Increased wear and tear on other suspension components and the vehicle’s frame.
- Decreased Road Safety: Reduced stability and control, especially during turns and stops, can lead to accidents.
- Impaired Systems: Potential impact on other vehicle systems like anti-lock and automatic braking.
- Towing Hazards: If you’re hauling a trailer, worn shocks increase the risk of losing control or causing damage to the towed items.
When to Seek Professional Help
If you notice any of the previously mentioned symptoms, it’s important to seek professional help immediately to prevent further damage to your vehicle.
The complexities of your car’s suspension system, particularly when struts are worn or the shock absorbers are failing, demand a trained eye.
You’re part of a community that values not just owning a vehicle, but caring for it properly. Here’s why prompt professional intervention is vital:
- Early Diagnosis: A mechanic can confirm whether the issue truly lies with the struts or another component of the suspension system. Accurate diagnosis prevents unnecessary repairs and ensures that the real problem is addressed.
- Safety: Compromised struts affect the stability and control of your vehicle, especially at high speeds and on uneven surfaces. A professional can restore these critical safety features.
- Cost Efficiency: Addressing strut problems early can prevent more extensive damage to your vehicle, saving you money in the long run.
How much does it cost to replace Shocks and Struts?
It will cost between $200 and $600 to replace each pair of shocks depending on the model year and brand of the vehicle. On the other hand, it will cost between $400 and $1000 to replace the car’s struts, depending on its model.
How to Choose the Right Components
Various factors play a role in determining which shocks or struts to get for your vehicle. Take the time to assess the following factors to help you make the right choice:
- Vehicle brand: Identify your exact make and model, as different cars may need specific types of shocks or struts. You can also consult the owner’s manual for recommended components.
- Driving terrain: Your typical driving conditions help determine which types of these parts you need.
- Load bearing: If you use your vehicle to tow or haul heavy loads, your shocks take on a lot of strain, which affects the type of shocks required.
There are several kinds of struts and shocks that meet various driving needs and preferences, including:
- Magnetic shocks and struts: These are active suspension systems for cars and trucks, using magnetorheological fluid in a monotube body that responds to electronic resistance signals.
- Gas-charged shocks: The nitrogen gas inside these shocks helps prevent the foaming of the hydraulic fluid inside the shock absorber. This improves responsiveness and reduces fade during heavy use.
- Adjustable shocks: Performance adjustable shocks allow you to adjust the amount of dampening of the shock absorber.
Preventive Measures for Struts
Regular inspections and maintenance of your vehicle’s suspension system are crucial in preventing strut issues. Being proactive with these preventive measures not only prolongs the life of your struts but also guarantees your ride remains safe and comfortable.
Here’s what you need to keep in mind:
- Regular Inspections: Check your struts periodically for signs of wear or damage. Look out for symptoms like unusual noises or excessive bouncing, which can indicate strut problems.
- Wheel Alignment: Make sure your vehicle’s wheels are properly aligned. Misalignment can cause uneven weight distribution, putting extra stress on your struts and leading to premature wear.
- Avoid Harsh Conditions: Drive carefully, especially over rough terrain. Excessive jolting and uneven road surfaces can greatly shorten the lifespan of your struts.
FAQs.
Q: How do you know Bad Shock or Bad Strut?
You can know if the shock or strut is bad by observing the vehicle for the signs of a bad shock or bad strut listed above. Also, the strut or shock can be physically inspected if you suspect an issue with them.
Q: How to tell if struts are bad by looking at them?
To do this, you need to observe the wheels. Check the tire for uneven wear. Do that by comparing the tread of the tire to the wear bar on the tire.
The wear bar is between the treads. Your tire is worn out if the tread is on the same level as the wear bar. However, this does not show uneven wear.
When the tire edges feel smoother than the rest of the tire tread, there is uneven wear. In most cases, it could be caused by a bad strut or shock.
If unsatisfied, observe the wheels for leaks, especially from the front wheels. The leaks will come from the top of the suspension. You can check the leak by touching the suspension’s top part. If you feel hydraulic fluid, the strut or shock must be bad.
Also, you could observe other symptoms listed previously, like clunking sounds from the suspension, bouncing when driving, nose-diving when braking, and more. If you are still looking for more, take out the tires and physically inspect the struts or shocks.
Q: Can You Replace Your Own Shocks and Struts?
It’s a bad idea to replace your own shocks and struts unless you have the right tools and experience needed to operate a spring compressor.
Incorrectly disassembling the parts can cause the internal springs to pop off, damaging the rest of your vehicle and injuring you in the process.
And, if you improperly reassemble the suspension, you could lose control of your vehicle and crash into someone else.
Instead, take your vehicle to a mechanic every 15,000 miles and have them inspect the suspension for potential problems.
If your struts and shocks have worn down, they can quickly replace all four at a cost of between $500 and $1,000. These prices will vary depending on your location and the mechanic’s hourly rate.
Q: What will happen if you drive with Bad Shock or Struts?
If you continue driving with a bad strut or shock, the vehicle will have a completely damaged suspension. The car will not be able to move on a straight part, and it will cost more to fix.
Driving with a bad shock or struts means driving a vehicle with less handling and steering control. This situation is very dangerous as the car can easily lose control or tumble during cornering.
The vehicle will be more bouncy even when driving on a smooth road. In more extreme cases, the steering will be affected. There will be a gradual loss of steering command, and you will notice a vibration in the steering wheel when driving.
Once the problem remains unattended, you will face a more serious issue: suspension issues. As the vehicle bounces around, it causes other parts of the suspension system to experience fast wear, leading to a complete suspension failure.
Q: How long can you drive with bad struts?
It is possible to drive with bad struts or shock for a while. However, it is not advisable. It is uncomfortable to drive in such conditions, and it can also damage the suspension further.
Final Words
The strut and the shock are completely different components with a similar function; however, the struts take it further by providing structural support. Vehicles come with either the strut or shock; some might come with both.
As a result, when the strut or shock is damaged, they might have similar symptoms because they are both part of the suspension and have the same responsibility.