Tire pressure sensors, also known as TPMS, play a crucial role in ensuring vehicle safety. These sensors detect changes in tire pressure and alert the driver to any issues that may affect the performance and safety of the vehicle.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) mandated that all vehicles sold in the United States after September 2007 should come equipped with a tire pressure sensor.
This requirement was put in place to improve vehicle safety, fuel efficiency, and reduce accidents caused by underinflated tires.
Understanding the functions and common causes of TPMS failure is essential for every vehicle owner. This knowledge can help prevent accidents, costly repairs, and ensure a smoother driving experience.
What Does A TPMS Warning Light Mean?
The message regarding faults in the pressure sensors indicates a problem with one or more of the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) sensors in a vehicle.
TPMS sensors are installed in the tires and are responsible for monitoring the air pressure levels. They send signals to the vehicle’s computer system, which then displays the tire pressure readings on the dashboard.
The error code tells whether the pressure sensor is faulty or the air pressure in the tires is too high or too low.
When the tire pressure sensor is going too bad, it will provide inaccurate readings. A defective TPMS control unit or frayed wiring could be the culprit too.
Sometimes, you can fix the problem. Just by resetting the TPMS but replacement is the only option in some cases.
Types of TPMS Sensor
There are two types of direct tire pressure sensors on the market. Let’s look at each type in detail:
Valve Stem-Mounted Sensor
This type of sensor uses the valve stem as a transmitter and relies on a specific nickel-plated valve core to work. It doesn’t use conventional brass because it makes the device prone to moisture, thus increasing the chance of corrosion and damage.
Banded Sensor
Attached to the drop well of the wheel, the banded sensor is banded or clamped to keep it secured. Older banded sensors, such as those used for Corvettes (with run-flat tires), don’t need batteries to work. Modern banded sensors, on the other hand, require a battery to work.
How Does a TPMS Sensor Work?
A TPMS sensor transmits a signal once it detects that your vehicle’s speed is more than 20 mph.
When your vehicle isn’t moving, the sensor goes to “sleep mode,” though it will still transmit a signal to your ride’s computer every hour or every 6 hours. The exact time varies depending on the sensor.
Once the sensor detects a rapid change in inflation pressure, it’ll go on “alert mode.” That means the sensor will transmit a signal every second.
The TPMS warning light will illuminate on your dashboard once the system detects that the tire pressure is low.
Where Is The Tire Pressure Sensor Located?
Tire pressure sensors are located inside each tire on your vehicle. There are a couple of different types of sensors, and the specific location inside the tire depends on the type of sensor used.
The most common type of sensor is located on the valve stem. These sensors are integrated into the valve stem, and the sensor portion is located inside the tire at the base of the valve stem.
Some cars utilize band sensors inside the tires. These sensors are mounted inside the tire along the edge of the wheel or rim. A metal band is attached to the wheel and holds the sensor in place.
There is not much difference in price between the two different types of sensors, and both types of sensors accomplish the same task. It is worth noting that the spare tire on most vehicles does not have a TPMS sensor inside of it.
The TPMS control module can be mounted in a variety of different places, depending on your specific vehicle.
Some cars have the module located inside the front wheel well, while others have the module located inside the rear passenger pillar.
If you need to locate the TPMS control module, you should refer to a repair manual for your specific make and model.
Symptoms of Bad Tyre Pressure Sensor
Several symptoms may come up when there is a tyre pressure sensor fault. When your car has a bad TPMS sensor, it may give you the wrong warning signals. Moreover, a faulty tyre pressure sensor has the following symptoms:
#1. TPMS Warning Light.
Drivers may see a TPMS sensor warning light when the sensor is faulty. That said, car owners will need to run diagnostic tests using an OBD scanner to find out more about this problem.
#2. Increased Fuel Economy.
When the tyre pressure is low, the rolling resistance increases and lowers the fuel efficiency.
Since a tyre pressure sensor determines the air pressure, if it is faulty, it may not be able to determine the pressure correctly. And, this will increase the fuel economy when the tyre pressure is low.
#3. Tyre Wear.
Another symptom of a bad tyre pressure sensor is that it may cause tyre wear and tear.
When the tyres are overinflated or underinflated, they affect the tyre’s health and performance.
Besides, over or under-inflated tyres can cause treads to wear out more quickly.
#4. Steering Wheel Jerks.
It is one of the common car problems that when the tyre pressure is low, the steering wheel may jerk.
As a result, it can affect the acceleration of the vehicle. If the tyre pressure is faulty, it will not give warning signals.
However, if you feel the steering wheel or car jerking when accelerating, it can be due to low tyre pressure.
#5. Weird Noise From The Wheels.
The tyre may wear unevenly due to low air pressure. This creates a flat spot on the lower part of the tyre making a flapping sound.
Although this sound may be inaudible at slower speeds, you are likely to hear such sounds at higher speeds when cruising on highways.
What Causes Tire Pressure Sensor Fault?
Suppose the tire pressure sensor detects a problem; it relays the signal to the vehicle’s computer. Then, you get to see the bright yellow light on your dashboard. You must have noticed that U-shaped symbol with an exclamation sign in the middle, right?
Various reasons for the car’s tire pressure sensor fault appear on the dashboard. Much more, as car owners drive their vehicles across varying terrains and under different conditions. Nevertheless, here are some common causes of the tire pressure sensor fault to appear.
#1. Low Tire Pressure.
The first thing to think about when the tire pressure sensor fault appears is low tire pressure. Remember, this is the basic reason why the sensors are there in the first case, as they come fitted in each tire.
Thus, when the tire’s pressure appears low, the control module receives a message that alerts the car’s computer about the tire inflation problem. In turn, you would see the message appearing on your dashboard.
#2. Worn Tire Pressure Sensors.
One common cause of tire pressure sensor fault is the tire pressure sensor wearing out. With frequent rides, the sensors start wearing out, and such error seems pretty common when the sensors start reaching the end of their service life.
Most batteries that power the tire pressure sensors would last for five years or more and may soon start draining out. Again, the rubber sensors are more prone to wear and tear, while the aluminum pressure may fail with the valve stem corroding.
#3. Problems with the Tire Pressure Management System.
The tire pressure management system of TPMS is pretty crucial for the vehicle. If you still notice your Duralast tire pressure sensor’s warning light on your dashboard, it could be a problem with the TPMS. Ever noticed the warning message appearing even when you have properly inflated tires?
Then, the TPMS must be having some problems, and you need to look into such. The TPMS has various components, like the transmission or brake system. So, damage to one part can cause serious issues.
Kindly note that these components are prone to corrosion, wear and tear, and some accidental damages. If you notice the tire pressure sensor fault, but the tires are fine, it indicates that the TPMS is not functioning properly.
#4. Wiring Issues.
When there is a fault with the wiring of the TPMS, it could cause some issues with the tire pressure sensor and make the warning message appear.
It seems rare, but such short-circuiting may be the only reason why you keep seeing that warning light on your dashboard.
Thus, car owners must use only certified and experienced auto care services. Such faults may occur when inexperienced auto mechanics tamper with the cables while working on the tire servicing.
For some reason, the tire pressure fault warning may appear without possible problems with the tire pressure or worn tire pressure sensors. Thus, it would help if you also look out for the following:
- Temporary glitch affecting the TPMS
- Interference with the sensor signal
- The inability of the sensor to pick up readings
How to Identify Which TPMS Sensor is Bad
TPMS sensors are designed to last for several years and withstand harsh conditions; they are still prone to wear and tear over time. If you notice any unusual behavior or warning light from your vehicle’s TPMS system, it’s essential to watch out for bad TPMS.
To identify which TPMS (Tire pressure monitoring system) sensor is bad, start by using a TPMS diagnostic tool or scanner.
Connect the tool to the vehicle’s OBD-II port and follow the instructions provided. The scanner will display the error codes related to the TPMS system and indicate which sensor needs attention.
Another method for identifying a bad TPMS sensor is to manually inflate each tire to its recommended psi. Then, use a tire pressure gauge to measure each tire’s pressure.
Compare these readings with those displayed on your vehicle’s dashboard. If there is a significant difference in pressure between one tire and others, it could indicate that the corresponding sensor needs replacing.
You can do it using no tool. Inflate the tire to its recommended level and then start releasing the air. Now if you see the car display panel showing a blinking warning, it signifies a faulty tire pressure sensor.
If a diagnostic tool is not readily available, you can also perform a visual inspection of each tire’s valve stem.
Look for any physical damage or corrosion on the stem or sensor housing. A damaged or corroded sensor may be causing your TPMS warning light to come on.
Advanced Diagnostic Tools
Automotive professionals employ cutting-edge diagnostic tools to thoroughly examine tire pressure monitoring systems.
These devices provide detailed data about sensor performance and can identify nuanced issues that are challenging for standard checks to reveal.
This level of diagnostic capability ensures a comprehensive understanding of the underlying problem.
- Precision Instruments: Technicians use highly accurate instruments designed to test TPMS components thoroughly. These tools allow for precise measurement and analysis, ensuring that each sensor is functioning correctly within its intended parameters.
- In-Depth Analysis: With access to sophisticated diagnostic software, professionals can interpret complex data to pinpoint exact faults. Their expertise allows them to tailor solutions that address the specific needs of your vehicle’s TPMS.
How Do You Fix a Tire Pressure Sensor Fault?
Fixing a tire pressure monitor warning can be complex and may require assistance from someone professional; however, here are some procedures that you can follow to address TPMS faults:
#1. Inspect tire pressure.
From the very first, manually check the tire pressure with a gauge. Inflate the tires to the recommended air pressure level. If the warning light stops illuminating after a small drive, that means the issue is low air pressure.
#2. Reset the TPMS.
You should reset the TPMS after filling the tires, following the vehicle’s manual. If it doesn’t reset, then it might show a deeper issue.
#3. Inspect the sensors.
After the above methods, if the TPMS light still persists, you can check the sensors for any physical damage or corrosion. If you find any damage, then the issue was due to this reason.
#4. Replace the sensor battery.
If the sensors’ batteries are too old, they might be the issue, and for replacement, a visit to a local shop is required.
#5. Update vehicle systems software.
A glitch in the software can display a TPMS fault light. Visit your mechanic and ensure that your vehicles have up-to-date software.
#6. Professional diagnosis and repair.
If you’ve tried all the procedures that I’ve mentioned above, but the TPMS warning light still appears, it’s time to consult an experienced mechanic.
They have extensive knowledge and use specialized diagnostic tools and techniques to fix the problem, whether it’s a sensor malfunction, corrosion, software glitch, or a deeper system fault.
How to Reset Tire Pressure Sensor Fault
Resetting the tire pressure sensor fault is a fairly simple process that can be done in a few steps:
- Check tire pressure: Before resetting the sensor, ensure that all tires are properly inflated according to the manufacturer’s recommended PSI (pounds per square inch).
- Locate the TPMS reset button: Some vehicles have a reset button for the TPMS system. Consult your car manual to find the location of the reset button.
- Turn on the ignition: Turn on the ignition without starting the engine.
- Press TPMS reset button: Press and hold the TPMS reset button until the TPMS light blinks twice.
- Wait for the system to reset: After releasing the button, wait for a few minutes for the system to reset. The TPMS light should turn off after the reset.
- Test drive: After resetting the TPMS system, take a test drive to ensure that the warning light does not come back on.
What happens if you Ignore the Tire Pressure Sensor Warning
Ignoring the tire pressure sensor warning can cause a significant impact on your vehicle’s performance and safety.
Low tire pressure can lead to decreased fuel efficiency, reduced handling, and increased stopping distances. It may also cause uneven wear on your tires, which can lead to premature replacement.
Another potential consequence of ignoring the tire pressure sensor warning is that it could potentially lead to a blowout or other dangerous driving situations.
When driving with low tire pressure, the sidewalls of your tires become more flexed than usual. As a consequence, excessive heat is produced to cause them to burst or fail suddenly at high speeds.
Therefore, you should not ignore the tire pressure sensor warning. Instead, you should take immediate action at the sight of that warning. You should regularly check your tire pressures at least once a month or before long trips.
And when inflating them, do it according to the manufacturer’s recommended levels. If you are not confident enough, have them inspected by a qualified technician if necessary.
How to Prevent a Tire Pressure Monitor Fault
Maintaining a healthy and reliable TPMS goes beyond just reacting to warning lights. Adopting a proactive approach to preventative care can significantly reduce the risk of TPMS faults, extend its lifespan, and ensure your vehicle remains safe and efficient.
(A). The Power of Proper Tire Pressure.
The cornerstone of TPMS prevention lies in maintaining proper tire pressure. Incorrect inflation, whether underinflated or overinflated, can lead to inaccurate readings and trigger TPMS alerts.
By adhering to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure levels and regularly checking your tires with a reliable gauge, you can prevent minor issues from escalating into significant faults.
This not only minimises TPMS problems but also promotes optimal tire wear, improved fuel efficiency, and enhanced driving safety.
(B). Caring for Your TPMS Sensors.
These vital components are responsible for transmitting pressure data to the system, making their care crucial.
Replacing sensor batteries when they reach their lifespan, typically around 5-10 years, ensures accurate readings and optimal system functionality.
Additionally, exercising caution when changing tires or washing your vehicle helps prevent accidental sensor damage.
(C). Mastering the Reset and Inspection Routine.
Familiarising yourself with your vehicle’s TPMS reset process can be incredibly helpful. Often, a simple reset can rectify minor glitches and save you a trip to the mechanic.
Moreover, scheduling regular professional inspections allows for early detection and resolution of potential problems before they escalate into significant faults.
(D). Reaping the Benefits of Proactive Maintenance.
By implementing these preventative measures, you can reap numerous benefits. The risk of experiencing frustrating TPMS faults diminishes, extending the life of your system and ensuring its continued effectiveness.
More importantly, you contribute to your vehicle’s overall safety and efficiency, allowing you to enjoy a smooth and worry-free driving experience.
Remember, investing a little time and effort in preventative TPMS care can go a long way in safeguarding your car’s performance and your peace of mind.
how much does it cost to fix a tire pressure sensor fault?
Like most parts of the vehicle, the cost of fixing the tire pressure fault varies based on the problem. You may need to diagnose the exact problem and check the cost of any component that needs a replacement.
However, when there is a need to replace the tire pressure sensor, you should budget between $230 to $750 for all tires. There may be some slight increment depending on the exact sensors you want to install in the tires.
FAQs.
Q: Why does the car’s tire pressure light come on when my tires are fine?
The tire pressure light may go on even when the tire doesn’t seem damaged, and it may be due to faulty wiring.
During the tire servicing, the mechanic would often access the sensors, and if an inexperienced person tampers with the wiring, there may be a short circuit.
Aside from that, if there is a tire pressure sensor fault with the spare tire that appears fine, you may need to look out for possible signs of the sensors wearing out. If the sensors appear worn, you would need to get a suitable replacement.
Q: How can you tell which tire sensor is bad?
One easy method to check the exact tire sensors that aren’t good is releasing the air from each tire. But you must first ensure that the tires have the correct air pressure, as stated in the car’s manual.
Remember that the tire pressure sensor relays the message of an underinflated tire on the dashboard.
If you notice a tire not reflecting the correct information on the dashboard during the deflation, the sensor in that tire seems faulty.
So, if there is a tire pressure sensor fault on the Ford Explorer dashboard, you can troubleshoot and tell which sensors have gone bad.
Q: Can you reset TPMS without a tool?
There are helpful means you can reset your car’s TPMS without needing any tools, and one way of doing so is to check the pressure in each tire using the gauge.
Then, turn on the engine and push the vehicle’s hazard light button six times. Such action selects the menu option “tire pressure sensors” and “set/clear.”
Then, deflate the tires till you hear a sound; kindly do that for all four tires. Nevertheless, fixing such issues without the tools may seem pretty dangerous and sometimes ineffective. You can get a few tools at an affordable cost to help reset the TPMS.
Q: Can I replace a single TPMS sensor?
You can easily replace one of the TPMS sensors of your car’s tire if only that one seems damaged. This option seems cost-effective and easier to handle.
Nevertheless, you should try to look out for the extent of the damage to know if there is a need to get the others replaced.
In the case of a dead sensor battery, there is a great chance of the other batteries wearing out soon, and as such, replacing all four sensors would save you from further stress. Such action would ensure that there is no downtime while you drive.
Final Words
A car tire pressure sensor is now a necessity that also helps ensure safe driving. You would notice the “tire pressure sensor fault” on the car’s dashboard with such a device in place. It would appear when the tire pressure appears low or something more serious.
Such a warning message can make you work on the problem faster before it escalates to something more serious.
Aside from the low tire pressure, there are a few other reasons why you can notice the warning light on your dashboard. You can also find some common symptoms, and this piece holds excellent tips on fixing such problems.